夫西地酸乳膏联合丙酸氟替卡松乳膏治疗湿疹52例临床观察

目的观察夫西地酸乳膏联合丙酸氟替卡松乳膏治疗湿疹的临床疗效及安全性。方法通过随机数字表法将入选的102例湿疹患者随机分为两组,治疗组52例,用夫西地酸乳膏和丙酸氟替卡松乳膏交替外涂于皮疹处,间隔时间约为1h,早、晚各一次。对照组50例,单用丙酸氟替卡松乳膏外搽,疗程14d。结果治疗组治疗第7天和第14天时有效率分别为50.00%为80.76%;对照组分别为46.00%和62.00%。仅治疗第14天时差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗过程中均未出现严重的不良反应,未经特殊处理均于1~5d消失。结论夫西地酸乳膏联合丙酸氟替卡松乳膏治疗湿疹效果较好,且无明显不良反应。     

Critically ill,tubular injury,delayed early recovery: characteristics of acute kidney disease with renal oxalosis

ObjectsThis study aimed to analyze the clinicopathological features of acute kidney disease (AKD) with renal oxalosis.MethodsData for biopsy-proven AKD with oxalosis diagnosed from Jan 2011 to Oct 2018 was collected. The underlying diseases, dietary habits, clinical and pathological characteristics of newly emerging kidney disease were analyzed. The long-term renal prognosis was observed.ResultsA total of 23 patients were included, comprised of 18 men and 5 women with a mean age of 51.6 ± 15.9 years. The peak Scr was 669.9 ± 299.8 μmol/L, and 95.7% of patients had stage 3 acute kidney injury (AKI). Drug-induced tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) was the most common cause (65.2%) of AKD, followed by severe nephrotic syndrome (17.4%). All patients had pathological changes indicating TIN, and 11 patients were complicated with the newly emerging glomerular disease (GD). The risk of oxalosis caused by increased enterogenous oxalate absorption accounted for only 26.1%, and others came from new kidney diseases. The majority (75%) of abundant (medium to severe) oxalosis occurred in patients without GD. There were no significant differences in the score for tubular injury (T-IS) and interstitial inflammation with different severities of oxalosis. Rate of Scr decrease (ΔScr%) at 2 weeks was negatively correlated with the severity of oxalosis (R = −0.542, p = 0.037), score for T-IS (R = −0.553, p = 0.033), and age (R = −0.736, p = 0.002). The decrease in Scr at 4 weeks was correlated with T-IS (R = −0.433), but had no correlation with oxalosis.ConclusionsThe present findings revealed that 95.7% of AKD with secondary renal oxalosis occurred in critically ill patients. AKD from tubular injury was the prominent cause. Severe oxalosis contributed to delayed early recovery of AKD.     

唐山地区3家医院脑梗死二级预防中叶酸的应用现况调查

目的:了解唐山市部分医院脑梗死二级预防中叶酸的应用现状,找到与相关指南之间的差距,为改进脑梗死二级预防工作提供参考。方法:研究对象为唐山市3家医院诊断为脑梗死的住院患者共573例,按照血浆总同型半胱氨酸(tHcy)水平将入选病例分为3组,调查不同组别患者二级预防中叶酸的应用现状。结果:叶酸的使用率在血浆tHcy重度升高组为62.9%,在中度升高组中为50.7%,在轻度升高组中为38.1%,3组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但叶酸的使用量3组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:唐山地区部分医院对叶酸应用于脑梗死二级预防已经有了一定程度的认识,但使用率、使用量等与相关指南尚有距离,需进一步加强对医务人员的培训。     

Interaction of Sleep Duration and Sleep Quality on Hypertension Prevalence in Adult Chinese Males

Background

Previous studies demonstrated conflicting results about the association of sleep duration and hypertension. Given the potential relationship between sleep quality and hypertension, this study aimed to investigate the interaction of self-reported sleep duration and sleep quality on hypertension prevalence in adult Chinese males.

Methods

We undertook a cross-sectional analysis of 4144 male subjects. Sleep duration were measured by self-reported average sleep time during the past month. Sleep quality was evaluated using the standard Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Hypertension was defined as blood pressure level ≥140/90 mm Hg or current antihypertensive treatment. The association between hypertension prevalence, sleep duration, and sleep quality was analyzed using logistic regression after adjusting for basic cardiovascular characteristics.

Results

Sleep duration shorter than 8 hours was found to be associated with increased hypertension, with odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of 1.25 (95% CI, 1.03–1.52) for 7 hours, 1.41 (95% CI, 1.14–1.73) for 6 hours, and 2.38 (95% CI, 1.81–3.11) for <6 hours. Using very good sleep quality as the reference, good, poor, and very poor sleep quality were associated with hypertension, with odds ratios of 1.20 (95% CI, 1.01–1.42), 1.67 (95% CI, 1.32–2.11), and 2.32 (95% CI, 1.67–3.21), respectively. More importantly, further investigation of the association of different combinations of sleep duration and quality in relation to hypertension indicated an additive interaction.

Conclusions

There is an additive interaction of poor sleep quality and short sleep duration on hypertension prevalence. More comprehensive measurement of sleep should be performed in future studies.Key words: sleep duration, sleep quality, hypertension     

Association between behavioural risk factors and metabolic syndrome among adult population in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

AimsThe impact of behavioural risk factors on the metabolic syndrome has not been well understood by the researchers. This information is important to the policymakers for developing effective strategies and implement relevant policies or programs. Hence, we undertook this meta-analysis to estimate the effect of behavioural risk factors on the burden of metabolic syndrome.Data synthesisWe conducted a search in the databases, such as PubMed Central, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Cochrane library, and search engines, such as ScienceDirect and Google Scholar, from inception until March 2021. We used the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) to assess the quality of published studies. We carried out a meta-analysis with random-effects model and reported pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI).In total, we analysed 30 studies with 41,090 participants. The majority of the studies had good to satisfactory quality as per NOS. Physical activity had a statistically significant association with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (pooled OR = 1.57; 95%CI: 1.28 to 1.93, I² = 91%). However, smoking (pooled OR = 0.96; 95%CI: 0.75 to 1.23, I² = 90.5%) and alcohol (pooled OR = 1.00; 95%CI: 0.75 to 1.33, I² = 90.8%) did not reveal a statistically significant association with the burden of metabolic syndrome.ConclusionPhysical inactivity was found to be a significant risk factor for metabolic syndrome. Given the evidence, it is important that the clinicians and policymakers are alike to recommend regular physical activity among the patients and general population.     

理想心血管健康行为和因素对非酒精性脂肪性肝病发病的影响

目的探究理想心血管健康行为和因素与非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）发病的关系,为制订NAFLD的防控策略提供依据。方法采用回顾性队列的研究方法,收集2006年7月—2007年6月50 511例参加健康查体的开滦集团职工的体检资料,并在随后每2年1次的随访中,观察NAFLD的发病情况。正态分布的计量资料多组间比较采用单因素方差分析;偏态分布的计量资料多组间比较采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验。计数资料组间比较采用χ²检验。根据心血管简易评分（CHS）四分位水平将观察对象分为四组,采用人年发病率计算各组人群NAFLD的发病情况,使用限制性立方样条曲线（RCS）计算连续型变量与结局事件间的剂量-反应关系,采用Cox比例风险模型分析各组NAFLD的发病风险比及95%CI,并对心血管健康行为和因素各组分对NAFLD发病的影响进行了Cox比例风险模型分析。结果在平均5.58年的随访过程中,共发生NAFLD 15 265例,Q1、Q2、Q3、Q4组观察对象人年发病率分别为77.88/千人年、61.33/千人年、46.37/千人年、33.69/千人年。RCS结果表明,CH...     

糖尿病视网膜病变患者自我健康管理的影响因素

目的了解糖尿病视网膜病变患者健康自我管理水平及影响因素。方法选取唐山市眼科医院住院治疗的300例DR患者进行成年人健康自我管理能力测评量表评测及影响因素调查。结果 DR患者自我管理能力总分为(138.37±26.83)分,呈中等水平,其中在健康自我管理认知方面得分较高,而在健康自我行为方面得分较低;多因素分析显示糖化血红蛋白、家庭功能是DR患者自我管理能力的影响因素。结论应重视DR患者的糖化血红蛋白及家庭功能的改善,提高自我健康管理水平。     

Triglyceride–glucose index associates with incident heart failure: A cohort study

AimsTriglyceride–glucose (TyG) index has been proposed as a simple surrogate marker of insulin resistance. However, few studies have investigated the association of TyG index with heart failure (HF). We aimed to explore the relationship between TyG index and incident HF.MethodsA total of 138,620 participants from the Kailuan study were included for analysis. TyG index was calculated as ln [fasting triglyceride (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL) / 2]. Cox proportional hazard models were used to investigate the association between TyG index and the risk of HF. Restricted cubic spline analysis was applied to evaluate the dose-response relationship between TyG index and the risk of HF.ResultsThere were 1602 incident HF cases among the 138,620 participants during a median follow-up of 8.78 years. Compared with those in the lowest quartile group of TyG index, participants with the highest quartile of TyG index had a 24% higher risk of HF (HR=1.24, 95%CI=1.07-1.44) after adjusting for other risk factors. Restricted cubic spline analysis showed a significant J-shaped dose-response relationship between TyG index and risk of HF (P for non-linearity < 0.001). The significant association was still observed among the men and participants with or without abdominal obesity in subgroup analyses.ConclusionThe TyG index was positively associated with the risk of HF, which indicates that the TyG index might be useful to identify people at high-risk for developing HF.     

Dietary sugars and subclinical vascular damage in moderate-to-high cardiovascular risk adults

Background and aimsThe association between dietary sugars and vascular damage has been scarcely examined out of the context of established cardiovascular disease. We aimed to investigate the association between different types of sugars with subclinical atheromatosis and arteriosclerosis, in individuals free of cardiovascular disease being, however, at moderate-to-high cardiovascular risk.Methods and resultsTwo 24-h dietary recalls were conducted to estimate sugars intake. Subclinical atheromatosis was assessed by B-mode ultrasonography and arteriosclerosis (arterial stiffness) via tonometry (carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity). Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the relationship of quartiles of total sugars, monosaccharides and disaccharides with atheromatosis and arteriosclerosis, adjusting for potential confounders [Odds Ratio (95%Confidence Interval)]. In 901 participants (52.4 ± 13.8 years, 45.2% males), total sugars intake was not associated with any type of subclinical vascular damage. Subjects at 4th quartile of lactose intake (15.3 ± 5.5 g/day) had lower probability to present atheromatosis compared to those at 1st quartile (0.00 ± 0.01 g/day) even in the fully adjusted model [0.586 (0.353–0.974)]. Subjects at 3rd quartile of total disaccharides intake and particularly sucrose (15.1 ± 2.2 g/day) had higher probability to present arteriosclerosis compared to those at 1st quartile (3.0 ± 1.9 g/day) even after adjustment for all potential confounders [2.213 (1.110–4.409)].ConclusionsOverall, the present data suggest a distinct role of each type of sugars on vascular damage. These observations highlight the need for further studies investigating not only foods rich in sugars, but sugars as separate components of food as they probably contribute via different ways on the development of arterial pathologies.